Can mis-steps with OSHA land you in jail? Several recent cases are a reminder that the risk is real. While OSHA rarely makes a criminal case out of safety violations, it does pursue criminal charges when people mislead the agency through false statements, falsified records, or destroyed documents. A company that does not take great care in handling an investigation risks such costly errors, leading to criminal prosecution and stiff penalties under federal law.
In 2018, OSHA announced it intended to dedicate additional resources to curb fraud and abuse and to refer criminal activity to the Department of Labor Office of Inspector General (“DOL-OIG”) for criminal prosecution. Not too long thereafter, in February of this year, a joint investigation by DOL-OIG and the Department of Justice resulted in a guilty plea by an OSHA certified trainer, who submitted false outreach training reports and issued false OSHA 10 certification cards to construction workers. The false records incorrectly certified that they completed specialized safety and health training.
A press release from the U.S. Attorney’s Office in New Jersey announced that the OSHA trainer had issued over 100 fake OSHA 10 cards, selling them for $200.00 each. The charges carry a maximum penalty of 5 years in prison and a $250,000 fine. OSHA maintains a nationwide watchlist of trainers who have failed to adhere to OSHA’s training program requirements and asks the public to report fraudulent activity.
Another recent case is a nightmare scenario for any safety professional. There, DOJ indicted two people – a plant general manager and a safety coordinator/human resources director – on allegations of conspiracy, obstruction of justice, and false statements in conjunction with an OSHA investigation. The indictment alleges that managers and employees knew that a conveyor and rack system moving hot aluminum was hazardous, and the managers discussed safety concerns on numerous occasions.
However, after a fatal accident in which the racks fell on an employee, the two managers allegedly failed to disclose to OSHA investigators an email from employees reporting the hazard. OSHA and DOJ also allege that the managers attempted to coerce employees, using threats of termination, to recant prior emails that reported the hazard. The managers deny wrongdoing, and the case is ongoing.
Preventing criminal charges – “do no harm” – should be a key focus of accident investigations
This latest case is a reminder that one of the biggest risks in a serious or fatal accident investigation is often not the accident itself, but rather mis-steps during the investigation. For that reason, the Husch Blackwell crisis management team is often called to manage significant investigations on site.
Setting up a counsel-directed, privileged internal investigation in parallel with any government inquiry not only strengthens claims that certain investigative material is privileged, but it also helps prevent intentional or unwitting mistakes. For instance, as we interview witnesses, we have an opportunity to remind them not only of their rights but also of their responsibilities, especially impressing upon them the importance of always telling the truth. Under the pressure of a traumatic event and government investigation, even the best-intentioned witnesses can forget these core principles without guidance.
A thorough attorney-led investigation also provides a heads-up of, and time to prepare for, potential issues. Internally reviewing documents, analyzing forensic evidence, and interviewing key employees provides early insight into possible areas of inconsistency or confusion. Having counsel closely involved also helps ensure that all employees know how to preserve and respect evidence and avoid any allegations of tampering.
An opportunity to prepare your team before it’s too late
The best time to prepare your team to avoid these risks is before an incident occurs. For that reason, we routinely partner with clients to do proactive training – at reasonable, fixed fees – for employees and management teams on how to best handle accidents, investigations, document requests, and witness interviews. Empowering your team with knowledge can help reduce your risk and liability.
Our training is available in-person or by webinar, designed to fit your schedule (1-hour, 2-hour, half-day, and full-day available). Do you have a managers’ retreat or company-wide meeting scheduled for 2019? Why not plug in a session on workplace safety to give your team the tools they need?
Popular topics can be combined and include:
- OSHA 101: How to handle an OSHA inspection
- Accident and crisis management
- Smart responses to requests for interviews and documents
- Protect yourself: Audits, self-inspections, and internal investigations
To learn more about training opportunities for your team, please contact Erik Dullea, Brian Hendrix, Avi Meyerstein, or Donna Pryor.
Tracey Oakes O’Brien was a contributing author of this content.