On 13 Mar. 2025, China’s Supreme People’s Procuratorate (SPP) released the 56th batch of guiding cases, focusing on the supervision of effective civil judgments (also known as “supervision of civil adjudication”). These cases cover disputes such as private loans and traffic accident liability.
Supervision of effective civil judgments is one of the key functions of Chinese procuratorates, enabling them to correct erroneous court rulings, safeguard the legitimate rights of parties, and uphold judicial fairness.
For example, in the case Construction Company v. Huang and Zhang over a private loan dispute (Case No. 224), the Jiangxi Provincial People’s Procuratorate found that the Jiangxi High People’s Court had failed to proactively verify whether the guarantee period had expired, resulting in an erroneous judgment. Thus, the Procuratorate appealed the case to the SPP. After a thorough review of the debt repayment date, guarantee period, and other aspects, the SPP filed an appeal to China’s Supreme People’s Court (SPC). The SPC ultimately adopted the appeal, and issued a retrial judgment that revoked the original first and second-instance judgments.
Statistics show that in 2024, Chinese procuratorates accepted over 280,000 civil prosecution cases, including more than 80,000 cases involving supervision of effective civil judgments, marking a year-on-year increase of 6%.