On 22 October 2026, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) announced that it had updated its Questions and Answers (Q&As) on market structure under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II, the Market Abuse Regulation and the Short Selling Regulation, removing outdated, duplicative and no longer relevant guidance as part of its Simplification and Burden Reduction initiative. ESMA encourages stakeholders to refer to the updated Q&As together with any other ESMA guidance for the most comprehensive interpretation of the applicable rules.
