Antitrust, Competition and Trade

Five Years On: Big Hopes, Modest Results

When the Bundeskartellamt was handed the world’s first bespoke competition toolkit against the largest digital platforms in January 2021, it was billed as a genuine breakthrough. Section 19a of the Act against Restraints…

The European Union has politically agreed on the most ambitious overhaul of its customs framework since the customs union was established in 1968. Across the Channel, the United Kingdom is pursuing its own, though earlier-stage, customs modernisation agenda, the first…

International standards are ubiquitous in our everyday lives, but the legal literature spends little time analyzing them. The design of USB cables and chargers is a good example, as are paper size, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth specifications, credit card shape, and…