The last few months have seen a series of Digital Services Act (DSA) judgments by the General Court (GC) of the European Union, the first three of which were examined in an earlier blog post. The latest in this
With the Digital Services Act (DSA) entering into force on 17 February 2024, it was only a matter of time before private parties began to exercise their rights in civil courts. On 2 October 2025, the Amsterdam District Court delivered
Introduction
The Digital Services Act: A Paradigm Shift in Platform Regulation
The European Union’s Regulation (EU) 2022/2065, the Digital Services Act (DSA), represents a landmark shift in the governance of the digital sphere. Fully applicable since 17 February 2024,
The answer to the question posed in the title is simple: “No”. This note explains the reasons why.
Access to the file after the adoption of a Statement of Objections (SO) in EU competition law enforcement procedures is a time
On 17 April 2025, Judge Leonie Brinkema of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia ruled that Google monopolised two digital advertising technology markets and unlawfully tied its publisher ad server (“DFP”) and its ad exchange (“AdX”).
The Digital Markets Act (DMA) establishes a centralised enforcement model whereby the European Commission “is the sole authority empowered to enforce [the DMA]” (see recital 91). National authorities are the Commission’s enforcement partners. This is explicitly stated in Article 37
In a digital landscape increasingly shaped by complex European regulations – GDPR, DMA, DSA, AI Act, to name just a few – cooperation between Regulators is not only relevant but essential. Our distinguished colleague Dr Konstantina Bania has already explored this
Over the past few weeks, two important developments have taken place that affect news (and, more broadly, content) markets. Both these developments concern Google. First, Google published the result of an experiment it had conducted to assess whether news content
On 25 February 2025, the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) delivered its judgment in Android Auto, which refined the so-called essential facilities doctrine. This doctrine is one of the most debated concepts in (EU) competition law because
