The one-year rule, codified in 35 U.S.C. § 315(b), bars a party from filing an inter partes review (IPR) petition challenging the validity of a patent’s claims “more than 1 year after the date on which the petitioner . . . is served with a complaint alleging infringement of the patent.” Patent Owners having brought a district court action against infringers start this one-year clock by serving the complaint, or by filing a notice of waiver with the court.