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CISA Publishes International Guidance on Implementing Security-by-Design and Security-by-Default Principles for Software Manufacturers and Customers

By Caleb Skeath, Ashden Fein, Micaela McMurrough, Mark Young, Matthew Harden & Shayan Karbassi on April 20, 2023
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Last week, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency released guidance on Security-by-Design and Security-by-Default principles for technology manufacturers that was jointly developed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the National Security Agency, as well as cybersecurity authorities in Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, Germany, Netherlands, and New Zealand.  The guidance builds on the White House’s recent roll-out of the U.S. National Cybersecurity Strategy and is in line with efforts to encourage a consistent, international approach to software security that emphasizes the responsibilities of software manufacturers across various jurisdictions.  While the guidance primarily focuses on recommendations for technology manufacturers, it also includes recommendations for enterprise customers to “hold their supplying technology manufacturers accountable for the security outcomes of their products.” 

A new post on Covington’s Inside Privacy blog discusses the core principles behind the guidance and next steps for key stakeholders.

Photo of Caleb Skeath Caleb Skeath

Caleb Skeath helps companies manage their most complex and high‑stakes cybersecurity and data security challenges, combining deep regulatory insight, technical fluency, and practical judgment informed by leading incident response matters.

Caleb Skeath advises in‑house legal and security teams on the full lifecycle of…

Caleb Skeath helps companies manage their most complex and high‑stakes cybersecurity and data security challenges, combining deep regulatory insight, technical fluency, and practical judgment informed by leading incident response matters.

Caleb Skeath advises in‑house legal and security teams on the full lifecycle of cybersecurity and privacy risk—from governance and preparedness through incident response, regulatory engagement, and follow‑on litigation. A Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP), he is trusted by clients across highly regulated and technology‑driven sectors to provide clear, practical guidance at moments when legal judgment, technical understanding, and business realities must be aligned.

Caleb has deep experience leading and overseeing responses to complex cybersecurity incidents, including ransomware, data theft and extortion, business email compromise, advanced persistent threats and state-sponsored threat actors, insider threats, and inadvertent data loss. He regularly helps in‑house counsel structure and manage investigations under attorney‑client privilege; coordinate with internal IT, information security, and executive stakeholders; and engage with forensic firms, crisis communications providers, insurers, and law enforcement. A central focus of his practice is advising on notification obligations and strategy, including the application of U.S. federal and state data breach notification laws and requirements along with contractual notification obligations, and helping companies make defensible, risk‑informed decisions about timing, scope, and messaging.

In addition to his work responding to cybersecurity incidents, Caleb works closely with clients’ legal, technical, and compliance teams on cybersecurity governance, regulatory compliance, and pre‑incident planning. He has extensive experience drafting and reviewing cybersecurity policies, incident response plans, and vendor contract provisions; supervising cybersecurity assessments under privilege; and advising on training and tabletop exercises designed to prepare organizations for real‑world incidents. His work frequently involves translating evolving regulatory expectations into actionable guidance for in‑house counsel, including in highly-regulated sectors such as the financial sector (including compliance with NYDFS cybersecurity regulations, the Computer Security Incident Notification Rule, and GLBA guidelines and guidance) and the pharmaceutical and healthcare sector (including compliance with GxP standards, FDA medical device guidance, and HIPAA).

Caleb’s practice also addresses evolving and emerging areas of cybersecurity and data security law, including advising clients on compliance with the Department of Justice’s Data Security Program, CISA‑related security requirements for restricted transactions, and preparation for new regulatory regimes such as the CCPA cybersecurity audit requirements and federal incident reporting obligations. He regularly counsels clients on how artificial intelligence and connected devices intersect with cybersecurity, privacy, and consumer protection risk, and how to support innovation while managing regulatory exposure.

Caleb also has extensive experience helping clients navigate high-stakes cybersecurity-related inquiries from the Federal Trade Commission, state Attorneys General, and other sector-specific regulators, including incident-specific inquiries as well as broader inquiries related to an entity’s cybersecurity practices and the security of product or service offerings. For companies that have entered into cybersecurity-related settlement agreements with regulators, Caleb has helped guide them through compliance with settlement agreement obligations, including navigating required third-party assessments and strategically responding to cybersecurity incidents that can arise while a company is subject to a settlement agreement. Caleb also routinely works hand-in-hand with colleagues in Covington’s class action litigation, commercial litigation, and insurance recovery practices to prepare for and successfully navigate incident-related disputes that can devolve into litigation.

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Photo of Ashden Fein Ashden Fein

Ashden Fein is co-chair of Covington’s Data Privacy and Cybersecurity Practice. He advises clients on cybersecurity and national security matters, including crisis management and incident response, risk management and governance, government and internal investigations, and regulatory compliance. Ashden also serves as lead counsel…

Ashden Fein is co-chair of Covington’s Data Privacy and Cybersecurity Practice. He advises clients on cybersecurity and national security matters, including crisis management and incident response, risk management and governance, government and internal investigations, and regulatory compliance. Ashden also serves as lead counsel in criminal, civil, and internal investigations involving cybersecurity, insider risk, and U.S. national security issues.

Ashden regularly counsels clients on preparing for and responding to cyber-based attacks, assessing security controls and practices for the protection of data and systems, developing and implementing cybersecurity risk management and governance programs, and complying with federal and state regulatory requirements. Ashden frequently supports clients as the lead investigator and crisis manager for global cyber and data security incidents, including data breaches involving personal data, advanced persistent threats targeting intellectual property across industries, state-sponsored theft of sensitive U.S. government information, extortion and ransomware, and destructive attacks.

Ashden also assists clients from across industries with leading internal investigations and responding to government inquiries related to U.S. national security and insider risks. He frequently represents government contractors in False Claims Act matters involving cybersecurity and national security. Additionally, he advises aerospace, defense, and intelligence contractors on security compliance under U.S. national security laws and regulations including, among others, the National Industrial Security Program (NISPOM), U.S. government cybersecurity regulations, FedRAMP, and requirements related to supply chain security.

Before joining Covington, Ashden served on active duty in the U.S. Army as a Military Intelligence officer and prosecutor specializing in cybercrime and national security investigations and prosecutions — to include serving as the lead trial lawyer in the prosecution of Private Chelsea (Bradley) Manning for the unlawful disclosure of classified information to Wikileaks. Ashden is a retired U.S. Army officer.

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Photo of Micaela McMurrough Micaela McMurrough

Micaela McMurrough serves as co-chair of Covington’s global and multi-disciplinary Technology Group, as co-chair of the Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things (IoT) initiative. In her practice, she has represented clients in high-stakes antitrust, patent, trade secrets, contract, and securities litigation, and other…

Micaela McMurrough serves as co-chair of Covington’s global and multi-disciplinary Technology Group, as co-chair of the Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things (IoT) initiative. In her practice, she has represented clients in high-stakes antitrust, patent, trade secrets, contract, and securities litigation, and other complex commercial litigation matters, and she regularly represents and advises domestic and international clients on cybersecurity and data privacy issues, including cybersecurity investigations and cyber incident response. Micaela has advised clients on data breaches and other network intrusions, conducted cybersecurity investigations, and advised clients regarding evolving cybersecurity regulations and cybersecurity norms in the context of international law.

In 2016, Micaela was selected as one of thirteen Madison Policy Forum Military-Business Cybersecurity Fellows. She regularly engages with government, military, and business leaders in the cybersecurity industry in an effort to develop national strategies for complex cyber issues and policy challenges. Micaela previously served as a United States Presidential Leadership Scholar, principally responsible for launching a program to familiarize federal judges with various aspects of the U.S. national security structure and national intelligence community.

Prior to her legal career, Micaela served in the Military Intelligence Branch of the United States Army. She served as Intelligence Officer of a 1,200-member maneuver unit conducting combat operations in Afghanistan and was awarded the Bronze Star.

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Photo of Mark Young Mark Young

Mark Young is an experienced tech regulatory lawyer and a vice-chair of Covington’s Data Privacy and Cybersecurity Practice Group. He advises major global companies on their most challenging data privacy compliance matters and investigations. Mark also leads on EMEA cybersecurity matters at the…

Mark Young is an experienced tech regulatory lawyer and a vice-chair of Covington’s Data Privacy and Cybersecurity Practice Group. He advises major global companies on their most challenging data privacy compliance matters and investigations. Mark also leads on EMEA cybersecurity matters at the firm. In these contexts, he has worked closely with some of the world’s leading technology and life sciences companies and other multinationals.

Mark has been recognized for several years in Chambers UK as “a trusted adviser – practical, results-oriented and an expert in the field;” “fast, thorough and responsive;” “extremely pragmatic in advice on risk;” “provides thoughtful, strategic guidance and is a pleasure to work with;” has “great insight into the regulators;” and “is technologically sophisticated and advises on true issues of first impression, particularly in the field of AI.”

Drawing on over 20 years of experience, Mark specializes in:

Providing practical guidance and advising on potential exposure under GDPR and international data privacy laws in relation to innovative products and services.
Handling complex regulatory investigations and enforcement actions involving data privacy regulators in the UK, EU and globally, and advising on follow-on litigation risk.
Helping clients respond to cybersecurity incidents, including ransomware, supply chain incidents, state-sponsored attacks, insider threats, personal data breaches, and IP and trade secret theft.
Advising various clients on the EU NIS2 Directive, Cyber Resilience Act (CRA), and other emerging EU, UK, and global cybersecurity laws and regulations.
Advising life sciences companies on industry-specific data privacy issues, including clinical trials, pharmacovigilance, and digital health products and services.
Advising on data privacy compliance in relation to employees and international transfers of data in connection with white collar investigations.
Providing strategic advice and advocacy on a range of UK and EU technology law reform issues relating to data privacy, cybersecurity, eIDs, and software.
Representing clients in connection with references to the Court of Justice of the EU.

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Photo of Matthew Harden Matthew Harden

Matthew Harden is a cybersecurity and litigation associate in the firm’s New York office. He advises on a broad range of cybersecurity, data privacy, and national security matters, including cybersecurity incident response, cybersecurity and privacy compliance obligations, internal investigations, and regulatory inquiries. He…

Matthew Harden is a cybersecurity and litigation associate in the firm’s New York office. He advises on a broad range of cybersecurity, data privacy, and national security matters, including cybersecurity incident response, cybersecurity and privacy compliance obligations, internal investigations, and regulatory inquiries. He works with clients across industries, including in the technology, financial services, defense, entertainment and media, life sciences, and healthcare industries.

As part of his cybersecurity practice, Matthew provides strategic advice on cybersecurity and data privacy issues, including cybersecurity investigations, cybersecurity incident response, artificial intelligence, and Internet of Things (IoT). He also assists clients with drafting, designing, and assessing enterprise cybersecurity and information security policies, procedures, and plans.

As part of his litigation and investigations practice, Matthew leverages his cybersecurity experience to advise clients on high-stakes litigation matters and investigations. He also maintains an active pro bono practice focused on veterans’ rights.

Matthew currently serves as a Judge Advocate in the U.S. Coast Guard Reserve.

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Photo of Shayan Karbassi Shayan Karbassi

Shayan Karbassi helps clients across industries navigate complex national security and cybersecurity matters to include government and internal investigations, incident and crisis response, regulatory compliance, and litigation.

As part of his cyber practice, Shayan assists clients with cybersecurity incident response and notification obligations…

Shayan Karbassi helps clients across industries navigate complex national security and cybersecurity matters to include government and internal investigations, incident and crisis response, regulatory compliance, and litigation.

As part of his cyber practice, Shayan assists clients with cybersecurity incident response and notification obligations, government and internal investigations of False Claims Act (FCA) issues and insider threats, and compliance with new and evolving federal and state cybersecurity regulations. Shayan also advises U.S. government contractors on security compliance under U.S. national security laws and regulations including, among others, the National Industrial Security Program (NISPOM), Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP), and other U.S. government cybersecurity regulations.

More broadly, Shayan helps clients navigate potential civil and criminal legal risks stemming from operations in certain high-risk jurisdictions. This includes advising clients on U.S. criminal and civil antiterrorism laws, conducting internal investigations of terrorism-financing and related issues, and litigating Anti-Terrorism Act (ATA) claims.

Shayan maintains an active pro bono litigation practice with a focus on human rights, freedom of information, and free media issues.

Before joining Covington, Shayan served as a member of the U.S. intelligence community, where he routinely provided strategic analysis to the President and other senior U.S. policymakers.

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  • Posted in:
    Privacy and Cybersecurity
  • Blog:
    Inside Government Contracts
  • Organization:
    Covington & Burling LLP
  • Article: View Original Source

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