On February 28, 2023, the U.S. District Court for the Central District of Illinois granted a defendant-employer’s motion to dismiss a SOX whistleblower retaliation claim, holding that the plaintiff failed to adequately plead that he engaged in protected activity because his alleged attempt to raise safety concerns did not plausibly allege that he subjectively believed that he was reporting fraud.  Magnuson v. Exelon Generation Company, LLC, No. 21-cv-4142.

Background

Plaintiff, an Operations Shift Manager at a nuclear power plant, was responsible for ensuring compliance with state and federal regulations set by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (“NRC”) (the federal agency responsible for regulating nuclear power plants and other uses of nuclear materials).  Plaintiff alleged that the Company retaliated against him after he reported various purported safety violations, including by removing his security clearance, deactivating his NRC license, suspending him, requiring him to undergo a psychological evaluation, and ultimately placing him on an involuntary leave without pay.  During this time, Plaintiff filed four separate complaints with OSHA.  He subsequently filed suit, alleging various claims under state and federal law, including a whistleblower retaliation claim under SOX.

Ruling

The court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the SOX whistleblower retaliation claim, holding that Plaintiff failed to allege that he engaged in protected activity because none of his allegations “suggest that his disclosures were motivated by a subjective belief that he was reporting fraud within SOX’s purview but rather demonstrate a concern for nuclear safety.”  The court noted that “Plaintiff’s words, actions, and the animating beliefs he alleges overwhelmingly demonstrate that a concern for nuclear safety, not fraud, motivated his [complaints].”

Implications

This decision reaffirms the principle that SOX does not extend whistleblower protection to complaints about any form of purportedly improper conduct, but only protects complaints that are related to one of the six categories of misconduct enumerated in Section 806 of SOX.

Photo of Steven J. Pearlman Steven J. Pearlman

Steven J. Pearlman is a partner in the Labor & Employment Law Department and Co-Head of the Whistleblowing & Retaliation Group and the Restrictive Covenants, Trade Secrets & Unfair Competition Group.

Steven’s practice covers the full spectrum of employment law, with a particular…

Steven J. Pearlman is a partner in the Labor & Employment Law Department and Co-Head of the Whistleblowing & Retaliation Group and the Restrictive Covenants, Trade Secrets & Unfair Competition Group.

Steven’s practice covers the full spectrum of employment law, with a particular focus on defending companies against claims of employment discrimination, retaliation and harassment; whistleblower retaliation; restrictive covenant violations; theft of trade secrets; and wage-and-hour violations. He has successfully tried cases in multiple jurisdictions, and defended one of the largest Illinois-only class actions in the history of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois. He also secured one of only a few ex parte seizures orders that have been issued under the Defend Trade Secrets Act, and obtained a world-wide injunction in federal litigation against a high-level executive who jumped ship to a competitor.

Reporting to boards of directors, their audit committees, CEOs and in-house counsel, Steven conducts sensitive investigations and has testified in federal court. His investigations have involved complaints of sexual harassment involving C-suite officers; systemic violations of employment laws and company policies; and fraud, compliance failures and unethical conduct.

Steven was recognized as Lawyer of the Year for Chicago Labor & Employment Litigation in the 2023 edition of The Best Lawyers in America. He is a Fellow of the College of Labor and Employment Lawyers.  Chambers describes Steven as an “outstanding lawyer” who is “very sharp and very responsive,” a “strong advocate,” and an “expert in his field.” Steven was 1 of 12 individuals selected by Compliance Week as a “Top Mind.” Earlier in his career, he was 1 of 5 U.S. lawyers selected by Law360 as a “Rising Star Under 40” in the area of employment law and 1 of “40 Illinois Attorneys Under Forty to Watch” selected by Law Bulletin Publishing Company. Steven is a Burton Award Winner (U.S. Library of Congress) for “Distinguished Legal Writing.”

Steven has served on Law360’s Employment Editorial Advisory Board and is a Contributor to Forbes.com. He has appeared on Bloomberg News (television and radio) and Yahoo! Finance, and is regularly quoted in leading publications such as The Wall Street Journal.

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce has engaged Steven to serve as lead counsel on amicus briefs to the U.S. Supreme Court and federal circuit courts of appeal. He was appointed to serve as a Special Assistant Attorney General for the State of Illinois in employment litigation matters. He has presented with the Solicitor of the DOL, the Acting Chair of the EEOC, an EEOC Commissioner, Legal Counsel to the EEOC and heads of the SEC, CFTC and OSHA whistleblower programs. He is also a member of the Sedona Conference, focusing on trade secret matters.

Photo of Pinchos Goldberg Pinchos Goldberg

Pinny Goldberg is a senior counsel in the Labor & Employment Law Department. Pinny represents employers in a broad array of matters before federal and state courts, FINRA and other arbitration panels, and administrative agencies, including the EEOC and its state equivalents, and…

Pinny Goldberg is a senior counsel in the Labor & Employment Law Department. Pinny represents employers in a broad array of matters before federal and state courts, FINRA and other arbitration panels, and administrative agencies, including the EEOC and its state equivalents, and in pre-litigation negotiations. Matters he works on include discrimination and harassment, wage and hour, wrongful discharge, whistleblowing and retaliation, covenants not to compete, breaches of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and tort and contract claims.

In addition to handling litigation and dispute resolution, Pinny regularly advises clients on a wide variety of employment issues, including drafting, reviewing and revising handbooks and workplace policies. He also addresses questions and concerns related to hiring, wage and hour issues, employee leave, performance problems, terminations of employment, and separation agreements and releases.

Photo of Jennifer McGrew Jennifer McGrew

Jennifer McGrew is a law clerk in the Labor Department and a member of the Labor General Group. Jennifer earned a J.D. from Duke University School of Law, where she was a member of the Black Law Students Association, Womxn of Color Collective…

Jennifer McGrew is a law clerk in the Labor Department and a member of the Labor General Group. Jennifer earned a J.D. from Duke University School of Law, where she was a member of the Black Law Students Association, Womxn of Color Collective, and First-Generation Professionals. While at Duke, Jennifer worked as a Faculty Research Assistant focusing on discrimination in the workplace.

Prior to law school, Jennifer earned a M.Ed. from Boston College and is currently completing her Ph.D.