On 18 September 2026, President Trump signed the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026. The Graham Act puts much of the US sanctions regime against Russia on an express statutory footing and gives the President explicit authority to impose tariffs of up to 100% on goods from major buyers of Russian energy. For businesses, its reach extends well beyond Russia. Exporters in China, India, Turkey, and several EU member states could face additional duties across their US sales, regardless of whether the goods themselves connect to Russian energy, and non-US banks and companies face secondary sanctions for covered dealings. Much will turn on how the administration exercises its discretion in the weeks ahead, with the first determinations due by 18 October. This alert examines what the Graham Act requires, the tariff provisions and their exceptions, the exposure of European businesses, and the practical steps companies should take now. Read the full insight HERE.