The Oregon Supreme Court recently held that an out-of-state tobacco manufacturer’s acceptance of prebook orders precluded it from availing itself of Public Law 86-272 protection against the imposition of the state’s corporate excise tax. In 1959, the U.S. Congress passed P.L. 86-272, which prohibits states from imposing a net income tax when the business’s only activity in the state is the solicitation of orders of tangible personal property. The orders must then be sent outside the state for approval and rejection, and, if approved, filled or delivered from a point outside of the state.
The taxpayer argued that it was not subject to the Oregon tax because it had no physical presence in Oregon and only solicited sales of tangible personal property in the state. However, the court held that the acceptance of prebook orders took the company out of the safe harbor of PL 86-272. During the prebook order process, the taxpayer’s in-state sales representatives persuaded Oregon retailers to order the taxpayer’s products from wholesalers. The taxpayer’s representatives then delivered the signed orders to wholesalers who had already agreed, in advance, to “accept and process” orders transmitted by the taxpayer’s employees. Pursuant to incentive agreements, if a wholesaler failed to accept and process the prebook orders, it would lose future incentive agreement payments and be required to repay any payments already received. Because the wholesalers were contractually required to accept and process the prebook orders, the court viewed the actions of the sales representatives as more akin to making direct sales in the state, rather than the protected solicitation of orders that were subject to approval from outside of the state.
Santa Fe Nat. Tobacco Co. v. Or. Dep’t of Revenue, 372 Or. 509 (2024) (en banc).