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Internal Reviews Covering the Use of AI by FINRA Associated Persons

By John Lukanski, William Mack & Steven M. Malina on September 15, 2026
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FINRA member firms (“Members”), and the enterprise organizations in which many sit, are moving rapidly to deploy firm-approved artificial intelligence tools for use by their employees. As adoption accelerates, the available tools (and employees’ ability and willingness to use them) will increase dramatically.

The vast majority of employees will properly utilize AI technology, just as they have prior technologies. Policies and procedures will be written and followed, and hopefully customer harm can be avoided. Nevertheless, as with any new technology, firms should remain mindful that AI may create opportunities for misuse, circumvention of established controls, or unintended compliance issues. Appropriate governance, supervision, and monitoring remain important.

The purpose of this GT Alert is to identify categories of issues that firms may begin to encounter involving their employees’ use of AI in ways that cause customer harm or violate firm policies and procedures. Drawing on misconduct patterns observed in internal reviews conducted over the past two decades, and recognizing well-established motivations for employee misconduct, this Alert identifies several areas that firms may wish to consider for review.

Link to Continue reading the full GT Alert. Continue reading the full GT Alert.

Tags: AI
Photo of John Lukanski John Lukanski

For over 25 years, John Lukanski has worked on a nationwide basis with his broker-dealer, investment adviser, and other wealth management clients to support their business needs and handle their challenging and complex matters. These matters have included internal investigations, regulatory investigations by…

For over 25 years, John Lukanski has worked on a nationwide basis with his broker-dealer, investment adviser, and other wealth management clients to support their business needs and handle their challenging and complex matters. These matters have included internal investigations, regulatory investigations by the SEC, FINRA and state regulators, and litigation and FINRA arbitrations. He also has provided compliance and regulatory counseling to his clients, and helped his clients work through FINRA Rule 4530 and U4/U5 disclosure issues.

In addition, large financial institutions, such as deposit and commercial banks and trust companies, have sought John’s services in the courts, to defend their interests in high-stakes litigation. These matters have included defending allegations of fraud, fiduciary liability, breach of contract, and business-related torts. John also has handled many cases in both federal and state courts involving restrictive covenants.

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Photo of William Mack William Mack

William B. Mack is a co-chair of the Financial Regulatory & Compliance Practice. He is experienced in advising companies on regulatory and compliance matters relating to the Securities and Exchange Commission regulations, the Exchange Act, Anti-Money Laundering laws and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority

…

William B. Mack is a co-chair of the Financial Regulatory & Compliance Practice. He is experienced in advising companies on regulatory and compliance matters relating to the Securities and Exchange Commission regulations, the Exchange Act, Anti-Money Laundering laws and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) rules.

William’s practice involves all aspects of broker-dealer regulation, including Self-Regulatory Organization (SRO) membership, supervision, employment, research, soft dollar arrangements, chaperoning of foreign broker-dealers, social media, use of foreign finders, anti-money laundering rules, alternative trading systems (ATS), exchanges, and market making issues. He also provides regulatory guidance to investment banking clients in connection with securities offerings and related trading issues.

William advises firms in the FINRA new membership (NMA) and the continuing membership (CMA) processes. William assists firms to develop or amend their written supervisory procedures and compliance manuals.

William routinely represents clients who are negotiating placement agent agreements, foreign finders agreements, clearing agreements, agreements with registered representatives and expense-sharing agreements.

William assists broker-dealers and their associated persons to respond to regulatory examinations and inquiries and provides effective representation in a range of enforcement proceedings with the SEC, FINRA, NYSE, state and foreign regulatory authorities. He regularly prepares and defends witnesses in FINRA on-the-record interviews and SEC testimony. Enforcement matters have involved issues including market manipulation, supervision, customer defalcations, insider trading, anti-money laundering, distribution of unregistered securities, direct market access, market making, soft dollar arrangements, cross border trading, electronic intrusion and customer impersonation, sales practices, supervision, private placements, ETFs, indexes, and other securities products.

William regularly addresses questions with respect to what activities require or are exempt from broker-dealer registration. William assists firms in obtaining guidance, interpretive letters, and no-action relief from FINRA and the SEC with respect to novel securities issues and the creation of new products and services. William also advises clients on cryptocurrency, tokenization, NFTs, DeFi structures, and digital asset exchanges and trading.

Prior to joining the firm, William was a Principal Counsel for Enforcement at FINRA. Before FINRA, he was the Director of the Executive Secretariat in the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative. William also served as a Deputy Associate Counsel at the White House, advising primarily on appointments and investigations. Before the White House, he practiced at large firms in New York. William clerked for Judge Robert L. Carter in the Southern District of New York.

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Photo of Steven M. Malina Steven M. Malina

Steven M. Malina, a former Senior Attorney in the SEC’s enforcement branch, focuses his practice on a variety of litigation and regulatory matters with representations of financial services industry clients, hedge fund matters, and securities and general commercial litigation. He represents officers, directors,

…

Steven M. Malina, a former Senior Attorney in the SEC’s enforcement branch, focuses his practice on a variety of litigation and regulatory matters with representations of financial services industry clients, hedge fund matters, and securities and general commercial litigation. He represents officers, directors, broker-dealers, investment advisors, commercial banks, investment banks, investment management firms, and public issuers in investigations and disciplinary proceedings initiated by the SEC, CFTC, FINRA, FDIC, NYSE, CBOE, CME, and state regulators. In addition, Steve represents clients in related investor class-action, derivative, and other litigation and arbitration. He has also conducted internal investigations on behalf of publicly traded companies and represented committees and executive officers in internal investigations. Steve has represented brokerage firms and their management in customer-initiated cases, and injunction and arbitration proceedings.

Prior to entering private practice, Steve served as First Vice President and Deputy Regional Counsel for a large financial corporation and was a Senior Attorney in the Branch of Enforcement of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

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  • Posted in:
    Banking, Finance and Securities, Corporate Governance and Compliance, Technology and AI
  • Blog:
    Financial Services Observer
  • Organization:
    Greenberg Traurig, LLP
  • Article: View Original Source

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