There are few published statistics regarding the adoption rate of privacy frameworks. The statistics that do exist have questionable reliability, primarily owing to sampling bias and self-reporting bias. For example, studies that ask clients of an organization that creates a privacy framework whether they adopted the privacy framework are likely to overreport adoption rates, as are studies that poll members of privacy organizations who may be predisposed to work at organizations that are more likely…

There are numerous privacy frameworks. Some are established by independent organizations such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which established the ISO 29100 privacy framework. Others are established by standard-setting bodies related to specific countries or governments. For example, the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) established a NIST Privacy Framework. Other privacy frameworks are created by private companies, trade associations, or organizations.…