Topic
Blockchain
1,561 published works
The Blockchain Monitor
This Week in Blockchain: Market Manipulation, ICO Taxation, Enterprise Solution Rollouts, and International Developments
By Stephanie N. Malaska, Robert A. Musiala, Brian P. Bartish, Heather K. P. Fincher
In this issue: • Price Manipulation Suspicions and Hacks Drive Market Volatility • Tax Implications of Initial Coin Offering Events May Be Enormous • Enterprise-backedBlockchain Rollouts Continue to Gain Steam…
All About IP
GDPR Implications for Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies
By Benjamin Beck, Dr. Ulrich Worm
On 25 May 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union entered into force, accompanied by some uncertainties regarding its application. For example, some legal commentators believe there are "irreconcilable" differences…
The Blockchain Monitor
Five Things Blockchain Firms Need to Know About the GDPR
By Laura E. Jehl, Robert A. Musiala, Stephanie N. Malaska
We’re witnessing the convergence, and perhaps the collision, of two powerful new forces in data privacy: the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the emergence of blockchain based…
Hunton Retail Law Resource
Hunton Andrews Kurth Launches Blockchain Blog
On May 30, 2018, Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP launched its Blockchain Legal Resource, a blog featuring discussion and analysis of the latest trends and developments in blockchain (distributed ledger) technology.
The Blockchain Monitor
Governments, Ad Industry Explore Use Cases; Blockchain Firms Seek Financial Licenses
By Panida A. Pollawit, Njeri Chasseau, Jonathan D. Blattmachr, Michelle Tanney
In this issue: • Governments Experiment With Blockchain for Elections, Banking and Visa Applications • Advertising, Entertainment Industries Continue Investment in Blockchain • Changing Approaches to Crypto Regulatory Licensing Governments…
Hunton Insurance Recovery Blog
Hunton Andrews Kurth Launches Blockchain Blog
On May 30, 2018, Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP launched its Blockchain Legal Resource, a blog featuring discussion and analysis of the latest trends and developments in blockchain (distributed ledger) technology.…
Blockchain Report
GDPR’s Impact on the Use of Blockchain to Facilitate International Trade
By Ashley Craig, Jeffrey G. Weiss, Shannon K. Yavorsky, Kelly Bastide, Elizabeth Lowe, Christopher L. Boone
Companies involved in global supply chain services are becoming increasingly interested in blockchain technology and how the use of this technology can enhance efficiency and security within the supply chain.…
Market Intelligence for Strategic Advantage
Today in Legal Artificial Intelligence
From Bloomberg Law: "Securitization specialists at law firms including Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP and DLA Piper say the first blockchain-based transactions could come as early as this year. “There’s…
Market Intelligence for Strategic Advantage
Today in Legal Artificial Intelligence
Toronto Startup Blue J Legal Uses AI to Help Predict How Courts will Rule on Employment Law Cases. Details here. (A lot of legal AI is centered in Toronto.) "On…
China Law Insight
区块链代币挖矿产业链的监管趋势
By King & Wood
作者：钟鑫 杨晓荃 孙及 虞磊珉 骆阳 金杜律师事务所 挖矿产业链的商业逻辑 以获取token的价值为核心 区块链基础设施及其应用可以解决很多问题，但其分布式共享、共创模式和系统的运行、维护和维护(核心是共识机制及底层的共识算法）必须要给予参与者以激励和奖励，这是token（所谓代币或通证）及token经济系统存在的理由。矿机的发明、生产和使用事实上有效支撑了共识机制和共识算法的有效安全运转。 在这个基础之上，我们认为区块链的token挖矿产业链实质是通过区块链底层技术所搭建的共识机制，获取作为奖励或者激励工具的token，而作为参与者"矿工"心理锚点是token交易的即期市场价格和远期的价值预期上。商业模式逻辑的基本动力是获得token的支出少于转让token的收益。 从这个意义上而言，token的价值才是产业链条的核心，而不是半导体和芯片。 下图是一个简单的示意： 构成挖矿产业链的四大柱石 以下简述产业链上四个主要环节： ① 底层区块链技术研发 底层区块链技术研发是整个矿机产业链中最为核心的环节。底层区块链技术的加密算法与共识机制的确定，决定了矿工参与链上记账并获取token奖励的机制。从矿机产业链的角度来看，底层区块链技术至少决定了： 谁可以参与到记账活动中来，即确定特定区块链是公有链、联盟链还是私有链； token的获取方式，即记账主体在什么条件下可以获得多少token奖励； token的总量，如何确保token的稀缺性。 以比特币为例，中本聪将比特币作为公有链向全世界所有人开放的，任何人都可以读取数据、进行交易。中本聪将POW作为比特币的共识机制，记账人只有通过记账设备针对加密算法进行穷举计算获取记账权后才能获取一定数额的比特币作为奖励（即所谓"爆块"，也是业内俗称的Coinbase交易）。比特币总量控制在2,100万枚。 ② ASIC矿机生产销售 区块链底层技术下的共识机制算法包括我们熟知的POW、POS和DPOS，也包括PBFT、RPCA、Kafka、POOL验证池共识机制以及DBFT等。而以比特币为代表的POW共识机制，其产生区块对算力非常依赖，ASIC矿机实际上就是算力的载体及比特币的收益预期。 在token采取POW作为共识机制且token总量一定的前提下，记账人获取的token数量很大程度上取决于记账设备的总体性能（即所谓"算力"）。目前，根据底层区块链的加密算法而研发的ASIC芯片矿机在市场中处于主流地位。 由于矿机厂商的定价一般与主流token的价格正向关联，因此在矿机制造成本不变的前提下，token价格走高的同时矿机厂商的净利润才也同时增加。从另外一个角度而言，矿机制造商的毛利必须足够高以对冲token交易价格的波动。 ③ 算力产业 ASIC矿机的大量销售和记账人的增加，特定区块链上的算力水平也会不断上升，单个矿机较难获得token奖励。为了提高爆块概率和速度并获取最大的token奖励，矿工们通常会采取自建矿场、矿池托管或算力租赁等方式进行规模化挖矿。 自建矿场是指矿场主将大量矿机在集中到特定的场所内开展规模化挖矿，矿场主一般只需支出矿机维护费用和电费支出；…